Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of
operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial
statements and the notes to those financial statements appearing elsewhere in
this report. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements
that involve significant risks and uncertainties. As a result of many factors,
such as the slow-down of the global financial markets and its impact on economic
growth in general, the competition in the fertilizer industry and the impact of
such competition on pricing, revenues and margins, the weather conditions in the
areas where our customers are based, the cost of attracting and retaining highly
skilled personnel, the prospects for future acquisitions, and the factors set
forth elsewhere in this report, our actual results may differ materially from
those anticipated in these forward-looking statements. In light of these risks
and uncertainties, there can be no assurance that the forward-looking statements
contained in this report will in fact occur. You should not place undue reliance
on the forward-looking statements contained in this report.
The forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made,
and, except to the extent required by U.S. federal securities laws, we undertake
no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or
circumstances after the date on which the statement is made or to reflect the
occurrence of unanticipated events. Further, the information about our
intentions contained in this report is a statement of our intention as of the
date of this report and is based upon, among other things, the existing
regulatory environment, industry conditions, market conditions and prices and
our assumptions as of such date. We may change our intentions, at any time and
without notice, based upon any changes in such factors, in our assumptions or
otherwise.
Unless the context indicates otherwise, as used in the following discussion,
"Company", "we," "us," and "our," refer to (i) China Green Agriculture, Inc.
("Green Nevada"), a corporation incorporated in the State of Nevada; (ii) Green
Agriculture Holding Corporation ("Green New Jersey"), a wholly-owned subsidiary
of Green Nevada incorporated in the State of New Jersey; (iii) Shaanxi TechTeam
Jinong Humic Acid Product Co., Ltd. ("Jinong"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of
Green New Jersey organized under the laws of the PRC; (iv) Xi'an Jintai
Agriculture Technology Development Company ("Jintai"), wholly-owned subsidiary
of Jinong in the PRC, (v) Xi'an Hu County Yuxing Agriculture Technology
Development Co., Ltd. ("Yuxing"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Jinong in the
PRC; (vi) Beijing Gufeng Chemical Products Co., Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary
of Jinong in the PRC ("Gufeng"), and (vii) Beijing Tianjuyuan Fertilizer Co.,
Ltd., Gufeng's wholly-owned subsidiary in the PRC ("Tianjuyuan").
Unless the context otherwise requires, all references to (i) "PRC" and "China"
are to the People's Republic of China; (ii) "U.S. dollar," "$" and "US$" are to
United States dollars; and (iii) "RMB", "Yuan" and Renminbi are to the currency
of the PRC or China.
Overview
We are engaged in the research, development, production and sale of various
types of fertilizers and agricultural products in the PRC through our
wholly-owned Chinese subsidiaries, Jinong, Jintai, Yuxing, Gufeng and
Tianjuyuan. Our primary business is fertilizer products, specifically humic-acid
based compound fertilizer produced by Jinong and compound fertilizer, blended
fertilizer, organic compound fertilizer slow-release fertilizers,
highly-concentrated water-soluble fertilizers and mixed organic-inorganic
compound fertilizer produced by Gufeng and Tianjuyuan. In addition, through
Jintai and Yuxing, we develop and produce agricultural products, such as
top-grade fruits, vegetables, flowers and colored seedlings. For financial
reporting purposes, our operations are organized into four business segments:
fertilizer products (Jinong), fertilizer products (Gufeng), agricultural
products (Jintai) and research and development (Yuxing).
Jintai and Yuxing also serve as a research and development base for our
fertilizer products. The fertilizer business conducted by Jinong and Gufeng
generated approximately 97.7% and 97.2% of our total revenues for the three
months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Fertilizer Products
As of September 30, 2011, we had a total of 460 different fertilizer products,
of which 147 were developed and produced by Jinong and 313 by Gufeng.
For the three months ended September 30, 2011, we sold approximately 81,720
metric tons of fertilizer products, as compared to 86,463 metric tons for the
three months ended September 30, 2010. For the three months ended September 30,
2011, Jinong sold approximately 16,846 metric tons of fertilizer products, as
compared to 10,641 metric tons for the same period of last year. Gufeng sold
approximately 64,874 metric tons of fertilizer products for the three months
ended September 30, 2011 as compared to 75,822 metric tons of fertilizer
products during the 2010 period. While the sales volume of fertilizer products
sold by Gufeng decreased by 10,949 metric tons for the three months ended
September 30, 2011 from the three months ended September 30, 2010, the average
selling price per metric ton fertilizer products sold by Gufeng increased
substantially. For the three months ended September 30, 2011, the humic acid
based fertilizer, the fertilizer products with higher selling price, accounted
more weight in Gufeng's sales mix of fertilizer products than for the three
months ended September 30, 2010. In addition, the selling price for certain
fertilizer products of the same nutrient formula sold by both Gufeng and Jinong,
has increased for the three months ended September 30, 2011 as compared to the
price for the three months ended September 30, 2010 due to the price increase in
the raw material market. For the three months ended September 30, 2011, the top
five provinces of our total fertilizer sales accounted for 30.4% of total
fertilizer revenues. The five provinces and their respective percentage
contribution to total revenues were Hebei (11.7%), Shaanxi (5.4%), Beijing
(5.1%), Shandong (4.7%) and Anhui (2.9%).
A significant portion of our revenues are derived from sales in other countries.
Gufeng exports blended fertilizer through contracted distributors to other
countries including India. The export revenues accounted for 69.5% of Gufeng's
fertilizer revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2011. In addition,
we export humic-acid based compound fertilizer products via contracted
distributors. Jinong exports its humic-acid based compound fertilizers to other
countries, including India. However, the revenues from Jinong's export products
account for less than 1% of our fertilizer revenues for the three months ended
September 30, 2011.
As of September 30, 2011, we had a total of 850 distributors covering 22
provinces, four autonomous regions and three central government-controlled
municipalities in China. Jinong had 677 distributors in China. Jinong's sales
are not dependent on any one or group of distributors. Its top five distributors
accounted for approximately 3.0% of Jinong's fertilizer revenues for the three
months ended September 30, 2011. Gufeng had 173 distributors, including some
large state-owned enterprises. Its top five distributors accounted for 17.1% of
Gufeng's revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2011.
Agricultural Products
Through Jintai and Yuxing, we develop, produce and sell high-quality flowers,
green vegetables and fruits to local marketplaces and various horticulture and
planting companies. We also use certain of Jintai's and Yuxing's greenhouse
facilities to conduct research and development activities for our fertilizer
products. The five PRC provinces, which accounted for 100% of our agricultural
products revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2011, were Shaanxi
(93.2%), Ningxia(4.6%), Sichuan (1.4%), Zhejiang (0.5%) and Shanxi (0.3%).
Recent Developments
During the three months ended September 30, 2011, Jinong launched the sale of
four new humic-acid based liquid and powder fertilizer products, including two
liquid fertilizers and two powder fertilizers. These new products generated
approximately $414,436, or 1.9%, of Jinong's fertilizer revenues for the three
months ended September 30, 2011. Jinong also added 50 new distributors during
the three months ended September 30, 2011. Jinong's new distributors accounted
for approximately $1,398,985, or 6.3%, of Jinong fertilizer revenues for the
three months ended September 30, 2011.
During the three months ended September 30, 2011, Gufeng launched the sale of
two new compound fertilizers. These new products generated no revenues for the
three months ended September 30, 2011. Gufeng also added three new distributors
during the three months ended September 30, 2011, which accounted for
approximately $4,191,838, or 14.2%, of Gufeng's fertilizer revenues.
Results of Operations
The following table shows the operating results of the Company on a consolidated
basis for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010.
Three months ended September 30,
2011 2010 Change % change
Net Sales $ 53,102,594 $ 39,482,921 13,619,673 34.5 %
Jinong 22,242,251 16,571,293 5,670,958 34.2 %
Gufeng 29,613,091 21,801,034 7,812,057 35.8 %
Jintai 1,198,887 1,110,594 88,293 8.0 %
Yuxing 48,365 - 48,365 100.0 %
Cost of Goods Sold 34,193,862 26,343,594 7,850,268 29.8 %
Jinong 8,110,130 6,853,787 1,256,343 18.3 %
Gufeng 25,269,670 18,900,513 6,369,157 33.7 %
Jintai 748,830 589,294 159,536 27.1 %
Yuxing 65,232 - 65,232 100.0 %
Gross Profit 18,908,732 13,139,327 5,769,405 43.9 %
Selling Expenses 2,490,474 1,415,985 1,074,489 75.9 %
General and Administrative Expenses 3,138,695 2,098,187 1,040,508 49.6 %
Income from Operations 13,279,563 9,625,155 3,654,408 38.0 %
Total Other Income (expense) (84,416 ) (123,627 ) 39,211 -31.7 %
Income Before Income Taxes 13,195,147 9,501,528 3,693,619 38.9 %
Provision for Income Taxes 2,463,511 1,713,743 749,768 43.8 %
Net Income 10,731,636 7,787,785 2,943,851 37.8 %
Jinong 10,429,495 7,295,318 3,134,177 43.0 %
Gufeng 1,817,896 1,307,706 510,190 39.0 %
Jintai 10,501 437,473 (426,972 ) -97.6 %
Yuxing (40,331 ) (53,731 ) 13,400 -24.9 %
Parent (1,485,925 ) (1,198,981 ) (286,944 ) 23.9 %
Basic net earnings per share 0.40 0.30 0.1 33.0 %
Basic Weighted Average Shares Outstanding 26,857,338 25,922,880 934,458 3.6 %
Diluted Weighted Average Shares Outstanding 26,857,338 26,035,426 821,912 3.2 %
|
Net Sales
Our net sales for the quarter ended September 30, 2011 were $53,102,594, an
increase of $13,619,673, or 34.5%, from $39,482,921 for the three months ended
September 30, 2010. The increase was largely due to the strong sales of
fertilizer products for each subsidiary during this period.
For the three months ended September 30, 2011, Jinong's net sales increased
$5,670,958, or 34.2%, to $22,242,251 from $16,571,293 from the three months
ended September 30, 2010. This increase was mainly attributable to the sales of
more humic acid fertilizer products including our liquid and powder fertilizers
during this period as a result of our increased distributors and the aggressive
marketing.
For the three months ended September 30, 2011, Gufeng's net sales increased
$7,812,057, or 35.8%, to $29,613,091 from $21,801,034 for the three months ended
September 30, 2010. For the three months ended September 30, 2011, Gufeng's
sales volume of fertilizer products decreased by 10,949 metric tons to 64,873
metric tons from 75,822 metric tons for the three months ended September 30
2010. The increase in Gufeng's net sales was mainly due to higher selling price
for the same product for the three months ended September 30, 2011 than the
price for the three months ended September 30, 2010, and higher percentage of
more expensive humic acid-based fertilizers in Gufeng's product sales mix in the
three months ended September 30 2011 comparing to the corresponding period a
year ago.
Jintai's net sales, which include sales of agricultural products, increased by
$88,293, or 8.0%, to $1,198,887 for the three months ended September 30, 2011
from $1,110,594 for the same period in 2010.
Yuxing achieved net sales of $48,365 for the three months ended September 30,
2011. For the three months ended September 30, 2010, Yuxing segment had no
revenues.
Cost of Goods Sold
Total cost of goods sold for the three months ended September 30, 2011 were
$34,193,862, an increase of $7,850,268, or 29.8% from $26,343,594 for the three
months ended September 30, 2010. This increase was mainly due to the production
and sale of Gufeng's products, which accounted for 73.9% of total cost of goods
sold. The total cost of goods sold without including Gufeng's cost of goods sold
for the three months ended September 30, 2011 was $8,924,192, an increase of
$1,481,111, or 19.9%, from the same period a year ago.
Cost of goods sold by Jinong for the three months ended September 30, 2011 were
$8,110,130, an increase of $1,256,343, or 18.3%, from $6,853,787 for the same
period in 2010. As a percentage of total net sales, cost of goods sold by Jinong
accounted for approximately 15.3% and 17.4% for the three months ended September
30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The increase in cost of goods sold was
primarily attributable to the increase in raw materials and packaging materials
as a result of our strong sales of fertilizer products.
Cost of goods sold by Gufeng for the three months ended September 30, 2011 were
$25,269,670, an increase of $6,369,157, or 33.7%, from $18,900,513 for the same
period in 2010. As a percentage of total net sales, cost of goods sold by Gufeng
accounted for approximately 47.6% and 47.9% for the three months ended September
30, 2011 and 2010.
Cost of goods sold by Jintai for the three months ended September 30, 2011 were
$748,830, an increase of $159,536, or 27.1%, from $589,294 for the same period
in 2010. As a percentage of total net sales, cost of goods sold by Jintai
accounted for approximately 1.4% and 1.5% for the three months ended September
30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Cost of goods sold by Yuxing was $65,232 for the three months ended September
30, 2011 as compared to $0 for the same period last year.
Gross Profit
Gross profit for the three months ended September 30, 2011 increased by
$5,769,405, or 43.9%, to $18,908,732 as compared to $13,139,327 for the three
months ended September 30, 2010. Gross profit margin was approximately 35.6% and
33.3% for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Gross profit generated by Jinong increased by $4,414,615, or 45.4%, to
$14,132,121 for the three months ended September 30, 2011 from $9,717,506 for
the three months ended September 30, 2010. Gross profit margin from Jinong's
sales was approximately 63.5% and 58.6% for the three months ended September 30,
2011 and 2010, respectively. The increase was attributed to the increase in the
net sales and the higher weight of higher margin fertilizer products in product
sales mix, the increase in the selling price of certain liquid fertilizers, and
the decrease in the average manufacturing and labor costs per metric tons.
Gross profit generated by Gufeng increased by $1,442,900 or 49.7%, to $4,343,421
for the three months ended September 30, 2011 from $2,900,521 for the three
months ended September 30, 2010. Gross profit margin from Gufeng's sales was
approximately 14.7% and 13.3% for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and
2010, respectively. The increase was primarily due to Gufeng's change of product
mix as a result of the increased production of the high-margin fertilizer
products.
Gross profit from Jintai decreased by $71,243, or 13.7%, for the three months
ended September 30, 2011, to $450,057, as compared to $521,300 for the three
months ended September 30, 2010. Gross profit margin from Jintai sales was
approximately 37.5% and 46.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and
2010, respectively. The decrease in Jintai's gross profit margin was primary due
to the increase in the price of agricultural raw materials, labors' salaries and
utility fees.
Gross profit from Yuxing was a loss of $16,867 with a gross profit margin of
approximately minus 34.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2011. Yuxing
was in its trial production stage and its cost of goods sold exceeded its net
sales for the three months ended September 30, 2011.
Selling Expenses
Our selling expenses consist primarily of salaries of sales personnel,
advertising and promotion expenses, freight-out costs and related compensation.
Selling expenses were $2,490,474, or 4.7%, of net sales for the three months
ended September 30, 2011 as compared to $1,415,985, or 3.6%, of net sales for
the three months ended September 30, 2010, an increase of $1,074,489, or 75.9%.
The selling expenses of Gufeng were $843,339 for the three months ended
September 30, 2011 as compared to $516,585 for the 2010 period. The increase in
Gufeng's selling expense was mainly due to its increase in the shipping costs.
The selling expenses of Jinong were $1,634,926 for the three months ended
September 30, 2011 as compared to $892,930 for the 2010 period. The main reason
for the increase in Jinong's selling expenses was its expanded marketing efforts
and the increase in shipping costs.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses consisted primarily of related salaries,
rental expenses, business development, depreciation and travel expenses incurred
by our general and administrative departments and legal and professional
expenses. General and administrative expenses were $3,138,695, or 5.9%, of net
sales, for the three months ended September 30, 2011, as compared to $2,098,187,
or 5.3%, of net sales, for the three months ended September 30, 2010, an
increase of $1,040,508. The increase of general and administrative expenses was
mainly attributed to the increased Gufeng's intangible assets, which resulted in
the increase in the amortization expense for the three months ended September
30, 2011. The general and administrative expenses of Gufeng were $891,493 for
the three months ended September 30, 2011 as compared to $552,285 for the three
months ended September 30, 2010.
Total Other Income (Expenses)
Total other income (expenses) consisted of income from subsidies received from
the PRC government, interest income, interest expenses and bank charges. Total
other expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2011 was $84,416, as
compared to total other expenses of $123,627 for the three months ended
September 30, 2010, a decrease of $39,211, or 31.7%. The decrease was mainly
attributable to the increased interest income of $88,155 from Jinong on its
saving with the bank.
Income Taxes
Jinong is subject to a preferred tax rate of 15% as a result of its business
being classified as a "High-Tech" project under the PRC Enterprise Income Tax
Law ("EIT") that became effective on January 1, 2008. Jinong incurred income tax
expenses of $1,840,859 for the three months ended September 30, 2011, as
compared to $1,287,409 for the same period in 2010, an increase of $553,450,
which was primarily attributable to our increased operating income.
Gufeng, subject to a tax rate of 25%, incurred income tax expenses of $622,653
for the three months ended September 30, 2011, as compared to $426,334 for the
three months ended September 30, 2010. The increase was primarily attributable
to our increased operating income.
Jintai has been exempt from paying income tax since its formation as it produces
products which fall into the tax exemption list set out in the EIT. This
exemption is expected to last as long as the applicable provisions of the EIT do
not change.
Yuxing has no income tax for the three months ended September 30, 2011as a
result of being exempted from paying income tax due to its the products fall
into the tax exemption list set out in the EIT, the same treatment as Jintai
receives.
Net Income
Net income for the three months ended September 30, 2011 was $10,731,636, an
increase of $2,943,851, or 37.8%, compared $7,787,785 for the three months ended
September 30, 2010. The increase was attributable to the increase in gross
profit. Net income as a percentage of total net sales was approximately 20.2%
and 19.7% for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Discussion of Segment Profitability Measures
As of September 30, 2011, we were engaged in the following businesses: the
production and sale of fertilizers through Jinong, Gufeng and Tianjuyuan, and
the production and sale of high-quality agricultural products and research and
development on new fertilizer products by Jintai and Yuxing. For financial
reporting purposes, our operations were organized into four business segments:
fertilizer products (Jinong), fertilizer products (Gufeng), agricultural
products (Jintai) and research and development (Yuxing). Each of the segments
has its own annual budget with regard to development, production and sales.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our principal sources of liquidity include cash from operations, borrowings from
local commercial banks and net proceeds of offerings of our securities
consummated in July 2009 and November/December 2009 (the "Public Offerings").
As of September 30, 2011, cash and cash equivalents were $71,333,911, an
increase of $5,727,498 from $65,606,413 as of June 30, 2011.
We intend to use some remaining net proceeds from the Public Offerings
(approximately $15.0 million) to acquire new businesses, upgrade production
lines and complete the greenhouse facilities for agriculture products of Yuxing
located on 88-acres of land in Hu County, 18 kilometers southeast of Xi'an city.
We believe that we have sufficient cash on hand and positive projected cash flow
from operations to support our business growth for the next twelve months to the
extent we do not have further significant acquisitions or expansions.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, we may seek additional financing for expansion
purposes, which may include additional equity financings. There can be no
assurance that any additional financing will be available on acceptable terms,
if at all. Any equity financing may result in dilution to existing stockholders
and any debt financing may include restrictive covenants.
The following table sets forth a summary of our cash flows for the periods
indicated:
Three months ended September 30,
2011 2010
Net cash used in operating activities $ (2,008,969 ) $ (3,697,231 )
Net cash used in investing activities (919,666 ) (7,639,193 )
Net cash provided by financing activities 8,010,765 2,240,468
Effect of exchange rate change on cash and cash equivalents 645,368 707,613
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 5,727,498 (8,388,343 )
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning balance 65,606,413 62,335,437
Cash and cash equivalents, ending balance $ 71,333,911 $ 53,947,094
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Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities was $2,008,969 for the three months ended
September 30, 2011, a decrease of $1,688,262 from the $3,697,231 net cash used
in operating activities for the three months ended September 30, 2010. The
decrease was mainly due to an increase in the advancement to suppliers from
Gufeng.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities in the three months ended September 30,
2011 was $919,666, which was mainly used to Yuxing's ongoing construction and
also to Gufeng's old production lines improvement. The net cash used in
investing activities for the same period in 2010 was $7,639,193, most of which
was used to the acquisition of Gufeng in 2010.
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities in the three months ended September
30, 2011 totaled $8,010,765, mainly due to the short-term loans borrowed by
Gufeng with its local banks. The net cash provided by financing activities for
the same period in 2010 was $2,240,468.
Accounts Receivable
We had accounts receivable of $24,095,094 as of September 30, 2011, as compared
to $17,517,625 as of June 30, 2011, an increase of $6,577,469, or 37.5%. The
increase was primarily due to the increase in sales during the period ended
September 30, 2011, including Gufeng's sales.
Our allowance for doubtful accounts was $375,745 of September 30, 2011, as
compared to $337,801 as of June 30, 2011, an increase of $37,944, or 11.2%.
Inventories
We had an inventory of $36,197,625 as of September 30, 2011, as compared to
$23,732,404 as of June 30, 2011, an increase of $12,465,221, or 52.5%. The main
reason for this increase was that we increased our raw material reserves in the
non-peak season and our finished fertilizer products for export to meet the
large quantity export delivery requirement.
Accounts Payable
We had accounts payable of $7,359,982 as of September 30, 2011 as compared to
$5,981,703 as of June 30, 2011, representing an increase of $1,378,279, or
. . .